Multiple Star Trek: Enterprise episodes refer to Starfleet having started operation some time between 21, when it funded research begun by Zefram Cochrane and Henry Archer, which led to the first successful flight of Warp-3 vessels in the 2140s. During the production of Star Trek: Enterprise, some larger Starfleet insignia designs included the name 'United Earth Space Probe Agency'. Other background props included additional UESPA references, such as Captain Jean-Luc Picard's family album in Star Trek Generations.

For example, the Friendship One probe (launched, on the fictional timeline, in 2067) is marked with the letters UESPA-1 in the Star Trek: Voyager episode ' Friendship One'. However, references to the United Earth Space Probe Agency, and its abbreviation UESPA, are to be found in episodes of later series. The terms Star Service (' The Conscience of the King'), Spacefleet Command (' The Squire of Gothos'), United Earth Space Probe Agency (' Charlie X' and ' Tomorrow Is Yesterday'), and Space Central (' Miri') were all used to refer to the Enterprise 's operating authority, before the term 'Starfleet' became widespread from the episode ' Court Martial' onwards.

During production of early episodes of the original series, several details of the makeup of the Star Trek universe had yet to be worked out, including the operating authority for the USS Enterprise.

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